『聚合』 PyQt5 GUI编程(QMainWindow与QWidget模块结合使用)

import sys

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QVBoxLayout, QFileDialog, QMainWindow, QAction, QTextEdit


class FileChooserApp(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.ql = QTextEdit()
        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        action = QAction('打开', self)  # 创建QAction实例
        action.setShortcut('Ctrl+a')  # 设置快捷键操
        action.triggered.connect(self.openFileNameDialog)
        menubar = self.menuBar()  # 创建一个菜单栏
        menu_open = menubar.addMenu('文件')  # 设置菜单栏tab
        menu_open.addAction(action)  # 关联事件

        action_updata = QAction('删除', self)  # 创建QAction实例
        action_updata.setShortcut('Ctrl+d')  # 设置快捷键操
        action_updata.triggered.connect(self.text_del)

        action_a = QAction('保存', self)  # 创建QAction实例
        action_a.triggered.connect(self.ctrl_s)

        menubar_updata = self.menuBar()  # 创建一个菜单栏
        menu_updata = menubar_updata.addMenu('编辑')  # 设置菜单栏tab
        menu_updata.addAction(action_updata)  # 关联事件
        menu_updata.addAction(action_a)  # 关联事件

        central_widget = QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(central_widget)
        vbox = QVBoxLayout(central_widget)  # 创建一个垂直布局
        vbox.addWidget(self.ql)
        vbox.addStretch(1)
        central_widget.setLayout(vbox)

        # 设置窗口的标题和大小
        self.setWindowTitle('文件选择器')
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 500, 500)

    def ctrl_s(self):
        print(self.ql.toPlainText())
        options = QFileDialog.Options()
        options |= QFileDialog.DontUseNativeDialog
        fileName, _ = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(self, "保存文件", "C://", "Text Files (*.txt)", options=options)
        if fileName:
            with open(fileName, 'w', encoding='utf8') as file:
                file.write(self.ql.toPlainText())

    def text_del(self):
        self.ql.clear()

    def openFileNameDialog(self):
        # 打开文件对话框并获取文件路径  
        options = QFileDialog.Options()  # 初始化
        options |= QFileDialog.DontUseNativeDialog  # 使用pyqt对话框
        fileName, _ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, "对话框标题", "C://",
                                                  "All Files (*);;Text Files (*.txt);;Text Files (*.py)",
                                                  options=options)  # 打开一个对话框
        """
        C://设置打开的目录，”“模式当前py目录
        "All Files (*);;Text Files (*.txt);;Text Files (*.py)"  设置选择文件的类型
        """
        if fileName:
            with open(fileName, mode="r", encoding="utf8") as f:
                self.ql.setText(f.read())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = FileChooserApp()
    ex.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())